Young People's Experience of Intolerance, Antisocial Behaviour and Keeping Safe in Disadvantaged Areas of Glasgow

The view that intolerance towards young people is rife in the UK has been widely advanced. UK surveys show that a substantial minority of adults describe teenagers as a serious problem in their local area.1,2 The United Nations Committee on the Rights of the Child recently singled out the UK for its ‘general climate of intolerance and negative public attitudes towards children, especially adolescents’. 3 In this paper, we explore young people’s own perspectives on intolerance and antisocial behaviour (ASB) using interviews and focus groups involving young residents of disadvantaged neighbourhoods in Glasgow.<p></p> We found evidence that young people believed they were the object of conscious and unconscious stereotyping by adults. In addition, young people held negative perceptions of other young people in their neighbourhood and used similar stereotypes to the adults in the neighbourhood. We also found evidence of young people experiencing ASB and taking steps to secure their own safety within the neighbourhood. We conclude that while young people may be the object of adult intolerance, they are also actively developing their own social attitudes about their peers and community that at times appear unsafe to them.<p></p> Therefore, policy and practice in this area need to reflect two broad interpretations of young people’s ASB: one that emphasises the involvement of young people in such behaviour and another that focuses on negative attitudes towards young people.<p></p&gt

Intolerance and Adult Perceptions of Antisocial Behaviour: Focus Group Evidence from Disadvantaged Neighbourhoods of Glasgow

No abstract available

Young People's Experience of Intolerance, Antisocial Behaviour and Keeping Safe in Disadvantaged Areas of Glasgow

The view that intolerance towards young people is rife in the UK has been widely advanced. UK surveys show that a substantial minority of adults describe teenagers as a serious problem in their local area.1,2 The United Nations Committee on the Rights of the Child recently singled out the UK for its ‘general climate of intolerance and negative public attitudes towards children, especially adolescents’. 3 In this paper, we explore young people’s own perspectives on intolerance and antisocial behaviour (ASB) using interviews and focus groups involving young residents of disadvantaged neighbourhoods in Glasgow.<p></p> We found evidence that young people believed they were the object of conscious and unconscious stereotyping by adults. In addition, young people held negative perceptions of other young people in their neighbourhood and used similar stereotypes to the adults in the neighbourhood. We also found evidence of young people experiencing ASB and taking steps to secure their own safety within the neighbourhood. We conclude that while young people may be the object of adult intolerance, they are also actively developing their own social attitudes about their peers and community that at times appear unsafe to them.<p></p> Therefore, policy and practice in this area need to reflect two broad interpretations of young people’s ASB: one that emphasises the involvement of young people in such behaviour and another that focuses on negative attitudes towards young people.<p></p&gt

How does money influence health?

This study looks at hundreds of theories to consider how income influences health. There is a graded association between money and health – increased income equates to better health. But the reasons are debated.<p></p> Researchers have reviewed theories from 272 wide-ranging papers, most of which examined the complex interactions between people’s income and their health throughout their lives.<p></p> Key points<p></p> This research identifies four main ways money affects people’s wellbeing:<p></p> Material: Money buys goods and services that improve health. The more money families have, the better the goods they can buy.<p></p> Psychosocial: Managing on a low income is stressful. Comparing oneself to others and feeling at the bottom of the social ladder can be distressing, which can lead to biochemical changes in the body, eventually causing ill health.<p></p> Behavioural: For various reasons, people on low incomes are more likely to adopt unhealthy behaviours – smoking and drinking, for example – while those on higher incomes are more able to afford healthier lifestyles.<p></p> Reverse causation (poor health leads to low income): Health may affect income by preventing people from taking paid employment. Childhood health may also affect educational outcomes, limiting job opportunities and potential earnings

Co-optimization of Operational Unit Commitment and Reserve Power Scheduling for Modern Grid

Modern power grids combine conventional generators with distributed energy resource (DER) generators in response to concerns over climate change and long-term energy security. Due to the intermittent nature of DERs, different types of energy storage devices (ESDs) must be installed to minimize unit commitment problems and accommodate spinning reserve power. ESDs have operational and resource constraints, such as charge and discharge rates or maximum and minimum state of charge (SoC). This paper proposes a linear programming (LP) optimization framework to maximize the unit-committed power for a specific optimum spinning reserve power for a particular power grid. Using this optimization framework, we also determine the total dispatchable power, non-dispatchable power, spinning reserve power, and arbitrage power using DER and ESD resource constraints. To describe the ESD and DER constraints, this paper evaluates several factors: availability, dispatchability, non-dispatchability, spinning reserve, and arbitrage factor. These factors are used as constraints in this LP optimization to determine the total optimal reserve power from the existing DERs. The proposed optimization framework maximizes the ratio of dispatchable to non-dispatchable power to minimize unit commitment problems within a specific range of spinning reserve power set to each DER. This optimization framework is implemented in the modified IEEE 34-bus distribution system, adding ten DERs in ten different buses to verify its efficacy

Functional Projections of Predicates: Experimental Evidence from Coordinate Structure Processing

This paper reports the results of six experiments involving an on-line self-paced reading task that examine the processing of coordinate small clause predicate phrases versus coordinated arguments NPs. The results have particular significance for the analysis of small clause complement constructions, and support accounts wherein the small clause complement has an Agr projection associated with it. An adequate explanation of the processing of small clause coordination is shown to motivate a new parsing principle, Coordination Feature-matching, which accounts for the longer reading times observed for the coordination of predicates in small clause complements

Right Here Right Now (RHRN) pilot study: testing a method of near-real-time data collection on the social determinants of health

Background: Informing policy and practice with up-to-date evidence on the social determinants of health is an ongoing challenge. One limitation of traditional approaches is the time-lag between identification of a policy or practice need and availability of results. The Right Here Right Now (RHRN) study piloted a near-real-time data-collection process to investigate whether this gap could be bridged. Methods: A website was developed to facilitate the issue of questions, data capture and presentation of findings. Respondents were recruited using two distinct methods – a clustered random probability sample, and a quota sample from street stalls. Weekly four-part questions were issued by email, Short Messaging Service (SMS or text) or post. Quantitative data were descriptively summarised, qualitative data thematically analysed, and a summary report circulated two weeks after each question was issued. The pilot spanned 26 weeks. Results: It proved possible to recruit and retain a panel of respondents providing quantitative and qualitative data on a range of issues. The samples were subject to similar recruitment and response biases as more traditional data-collection approaches. Participants valued the potential to influence change, and stakeholders were enthusiastic about the findings generated, despite reservations about the lack of sample representativeness. Stakeholders acknowledged that decision-making processes are not flexible enough to respond to weekly evidence. Conclusion: RHRN produced a process for collecting near-real-time data for policy-relevant topics, although obtaining and maintaining representative samples was problematic. Adaptations were identified to inform a more sustainable model of near-real-time data collection and dissemination in the future

Raising the bar? The impact of the UNISON ethical care campaign in UK domiciliary care

From SAGE Publishing via Jisc Publications RouterHistory: epub 2021-07-15Publication status: PublishedThis article critically analyses a major trade union initiative in the United Kingdom to raise standards in public contracts for domiciliary care, and in turn to improve wages and working conditions for outsourced care workers. The campaign successfully built alliances with national employer representatives, and around 25 per cent of commissioning bodies in England, Scotland and Wales have signed a voluntary charter that guarantees workers an hourly living wage, payment for travel time and regular working hours. The campaign overall, however, has had only limited effects on standards across the sector, in which low wages, zero-hours contracts and weak career paths predominate. Furthermore, the campaign has not yet yielded significant gains in terms of union recruitment, although there are signs of sporadic mobilisations of care workers in response to localised disputes